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Since Rescher's earliest publication of the middle 1950's in this field, the philosophy of science has constituted one focus of his interest and preoccupation. Some dozen of Rescher's contributions to the field are published in the present volume, and they combine to convey his favored way of blending empirical data with philosophical theorizing.
Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy.
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To most laypersons and scientists, science and progress appear to go hand in hand, yet philosophers and historians of science have long questioned the inevitability of this pairing. As we take leave of a century acclaimed for scientific advances and progress, Science at Century's End, the eighth volume of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Series in the Philosophy and History of Science, takes the reader to the heart of this important matter. Subtitled Philosophical Questions on the Progress and Limits of Science, this timely volume contains twenty penetrating essays by prominent philosophers and historians who explore and debate the limits of scientific inquiry and their presumed consequences for science in the 21st century.
Science --- Philosophy --- Philosophy And Science
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This volume collects reflections on the role of philosophy in case studies in the history of science. Case studies have played a prominent role in recent history and philosophy of science. They have been used to illustrate, question, explore, or explicate philosophical points of view. Even if not explicitly so, historical narratives are always guided by philosophical background assumptions. But what happens if different philosophies lead to different narratives of the same historical episodes? Can historical case studies decide between competing philosophical viewpoints? What are the criteria that a case study has to fulfill in order to be philosophically relevant? Bringing together leading practitioners in the fields of history and philosophy of the physical and the life sciences, this volume addresses this methodological problem and proposes ways of rendering explicit philosophical assumptions of historical work.
Philosophy of science --- History as a science --- Science --- Philosophy and science --- History --- Historiography --- Philosophy --- Science - Historiography --- Science - Philosophy --- History. --- Philosophy and science. --- History of Science. --- Philosophy of Science.
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Vulgarisation, mode d’emploi est le premier guide de vulgarisation. Il offre des réponses concrètes aux scientifiques et ingénieurs souhaitant partager leurs savoirs avec le plus grand nombre. Véritable manuel pratique, il décrit les règles de base, les pièges à éviter, les différents modes de vulgarisation et de médiation scientifiques, sans oublier les aspects concrets des petits et grands projets de médiation scientifique. Aujourd’hui, s’exprimer clairement sur les sciences est indispensable pour développer ses collaborations, décrocher des financements, intéresser les médias, et attirer des étudiants. Mais aussi pour se rapprocher des citoyens, souvent déboussolés face aux sciences et à leurs applications. Au-delà des scientifiques, ce livre s’adresse à tous les experts d’un domaine – médecins, économistes, hommes de loi, techniciens, qui ont besoin de communiquer avec des non-spécialistes. Qui est mon public ? Quelles sont ses attentes ? Est-ce possible de simplifier sans déformer ? Quelles astuces pour accrocher l’intérêt de mon auditoire ? Où se former à la vulgarisation ? Comment interagir avec des journalistes ? Ai-je le droit de parler dans les médias sans l’autorisation de ma hiérarchie ? Comment utiliser au mieux les possibilités d’Internet ? Autant de questions que se pose l’apprenti-vulgarisateur, qui trouvera dans ce livre des réponses et des conseils directement applicables. Mais surtout, il y dénichera des idées pour inventer sa propre manière de vulgariser. Basé sur une expérience de plus de 10 ans de formations à la vulgarisation, alliée à une connaissance approfondie du monde scientifique et des médias, cet ouvrage s’appuie sur des exemples vécus, des témoignages de chercheurs et de journalistes. Des vulgarisateurs parmi les plus connus livrent leur vision de cet art complexe et captivant qu’est la médiation scientifique.
Science. --- Natural science --- Natural sciences --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Science news --- News, Science --- Popularization of science --- Science --- Communication in science --- Journalism --- Technical writing --- Popularization
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This anthology brings together the year's finest mathematics writing from around the world. Featuring promising new voices alongside some of the foremost names in the field, The Best Writing on Mathematics 2011 makes available to a wide audience many articles not easily found anywhere else--and you don't need to be a mathematician to enjoy them. These writings offer surprising insights into the nature, meaning, and practice of mathematics today. They delve into the history, philosophy, teaching, and everyday occurrences of math, and take readers behind the scenes of today's hottest mathematical debates. Here Ian Hacking discusses the salient features that distinguish mathematics from other disciplines of the mind; Doris Schattschneider identifies some of the mathematical inspirations of M. C. Escher's art; Jordan Ellenberg describes compressed sensing, a mathematical field that is reshaping the way people use large sets of data; Erica Klarreich reports on the use of algorithms in the job market for doctors; and much, much more. In addition to presenting the year's most memorable writings on mathematics, this must-have anthology includes a foreword by esteemed physicist and mathematician Freeman Dyson. This book belongs on the shelf of anyone interested in where math has taken us--and where it is headed.
Mathematics. --- Science. --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Math --- Science --- Mathematic --- Natural sciences --- Mathematics
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Ces conférences données devant l’École doctorale de Science Politique de la Sorbonne se présentent sous le sceau de l’interdisciplinarité, et ceci à un double titre : d’une part, leurs auteurs viennent d’horizons divers, mais se rencontrent sur le terrain de la science politique, d’autre part, la question discutée est justement celle-là même du champ de cette science, et de ses méthodes. Les titres des conférences reflètent bien l’embarras que provoque une telle question. « Faut-il encore une anthropologie politique ? » se demande Georges Balandier, tandis que Jacques Le Goff s’interroge : « L’histoire politique existe-t-elle ? », que Bernard Voutat livre ses « Réflexions sur une discipline sans objet », et que Pierre Ansart, en passionné de sciences sociales, sonde le politique avec ses « Questions de méthode ». Aussi bien, des concepts transversaux à plusieurs disciplines sont-ils souvent utilisés en science politique. Ainsi de la notion de réseau, de public, de civilité. Ils constituent des indices pratiques d’une interdisciplinarité en action, in process. Il en est de même des sous-disciplines « traversières », telles que les « politiques publiques », la « sociologie historique » ou la « communication politique ». Ce recueil de conférences destiné en premier lieu aux doctorants devrait pouvoir aider tous ceux qui sont pris dans un processus de thèse, et au-delà, tous ceux qu’intéressent les champs scientifiques émergeants.
Political science. --- Science politique --- Public Administration --- science politique
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First published in 1996, this collection of essays by distinguished computer scientists celebrates the achievements of research and speculates about the unsolved problems in computer science that require future investigation. Since the subject stretches from technology in the field, through engineering design to foundations in mathematics, there is a wide variety of concerns and approaches among the authors. The book's purpose is to show that long-term research in computer science is crucial and that it must not be driven solely by commercial considerations. The authors do not shirk the difficult aspects of their topics, but try to expose them in the simplest terms possible without diluting them, in order that the reader can understand the issues involved. Thus the book also represents a broad overview of much of the state of knowledge and future expectations of computer science, illustrating that it is much more than a technology and it is a fully fledged and growing intellectual discipline with its own engineering principles and its own scientific concepts and models. It will be stimulating reading because it represents the views of prominent authorities who have had a significant impact on the direction of innovation, research and development in computer science.
Computer science --- Informatics --- Science --- Research. --- Research --- Computer science - Research
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This collection of articles from the Independent University of Moscow is derived from the Globus seminars held there. They are given by world authorities, from Russia and elsewhere, in various areas of mathematics and are designed to introduce graduate students to some of the most dynamic areas of mathematical research. The seminars aim to be informal, wide-ranging and forward-looking, getting across the ideas and concepts rather than formal proofs, and this carries over to the articles here. Topics covered range from computational complexity, algebraic geometry, dynamics, through to number theory and quantum groups. The volume as a whole is a fascinating and exciting overview of contemporary mathematics.
Mathematics. --- Math --- Science
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What are the relationships between philosophy and the history of philosophy, the history of science and the philosophy of science? This selection of essays by Lorenz Krüger (1932-1994) presents exemplary studies on the philosophy of John Locke and Immanuel Kant, on the history of physics and on the scope and limitations of scientific explanation, and a realistic understanding of science and truth. In his treatment of leading currents in 20th century philosophy, Krüger presents new and original arguments for a deeper understanding of the continuity and dynamics of the development of scientific theory. These result in significant consequences for the claim of the sciences that they understand reality in a rational manner. The case studies are complemented by fundamental thoughts on the relationship between philosophy, science, and their common history. Wie sind Philosophie und Philosophiegeschichte, Wissenschaftsgeschichte und Wissenschaftstheorie aufeinander bezogen? Diese Auswahl von Essays von Lorenz Krüger (1932-1994) präsentiert exemplarische Studien zur Philosophie John Lockes und Immanuel Kants, zur Geschichte der Physik, sowie zu den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen wissenschaftlicher Erklärung und einer realistischen Auffassung von Wissenschaft und Wahrheit. In Auseinandersetzung mit führenden philosophischen Richtungen des 20. Jahrhunderts präsentiert Krüger neue und originelle Argumente für ein vertieftes Verständnis von Kontinuität und Dynamik wissenschaftlicher Theorieentwicklung. Daraus ergeben sich bedeutsame Konsequenzen für den Anspruch der Wissenschaften, die Wirklichkeit auf rationale Weise zu verstehen. Die Fallstudien werden ergänzt durch grundsätzliche Überlegungen zum Verhältnis zwischen der Philosophie, den Wissenschaften und ihrer gemeinsamen Geschichte.
History --- Philosophy --- Science --- History. --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- History - Philosophy --- Philosophy - History --- Science - Philosophy
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